Open Access: heading for a difficult position or a pas-de-deux? About the accessibility and costs of scholarly information in digital form
The traditional relationship between publishers, scholars, readers, libraries and financial backers has long been a subject of discussion. The digitising of scholarly information has increased at an exponential rate. Theoretically, the accessibility of this information should be increasing. Yet the traditional business model entailing licences on a publisher’s total offering of information (the “big deals”) usually paid for by a library leave little potential for wide accessibility. As an example, this model allows scarcely any reuse of licensed information. This is why university libraries in the Netherlands have been working on the DARE project: the development of institutional repositories intended to make scholarly output produced by their own academic authors widely available. Publishers, too, are launching alternative business models such as pay-per-view and open access, but only on a small scale. Although the open access model in particular guarantees accessibility, it also raises a lot of questions about guaranteeing the interests of all those involved in this model and about the underlying cost structure. Will it ultimately lead toward a difficult position or a pas-de-deux?
During this symposium, publishers, academic authors and librarians gave their own views on this.
The present business model is coming to an end — which conditions must be met for new business models, like Open Access, to be used at a large scale?
Propositions for the public discussion
Scientific merit - Open Access will increase the visibility of research results. - Open Access will improve the quality of scientific publications. - Peer review is guaranteed in an Open Access publishing model. - A journal’s “impact factor” will no longer be relevant; an article will be judged on its own citation rating.
Accessibility - Open Access will be analogous to Open Source. - Open Access will make intermediaries or document delivery services obsolete. - Governments should ensure maximum accessibility of the results of publicly funded research.
Cost structure - Publishers’ pay-per-view model will demonstrate that there is only a limited market for a small number of widely read articles. - Authors will be prepared to pay for peer review and the publication of their research results.